# mx.symbol.rmsprop_update¶

## Description¶

Update function for RMSProp optimizer.

RMSprop is a variant of stochastic gradient descent where the gradients are divided by a cache which grows with the sum of squares of recent gradients?

RMSProp is similar to AdaGrad, a popular variant of SGD which adaptively tunes the learning rate of each parameter. AdaGrad lowers the learning rate for each parameter monotonically over the course of training. While this is analytically motivated for convex optimizations, it may not be ideal for non-convex problems. RMSProp deals with this heuristically by allowing the learning rates to rebound as the denominator decays over time.

Define the Root Mean Square (RMS) error criterion of the gradient as $$RMS[g]_t = \sqrt{E[g^2]_t + \epsilon}$$, where $$g$$ represents gradient and $$E[g^2]_t$$ is the decaying average over past squared gradient.

The $$E[g^2]_t$$ is given by:

$E[g^2]_t = \gamma * E[g^2]_{t-1} + (1-\gamma) * g_t^2$

The update step is

$\theta_{t+1} = \theta_t - \frac{\eta}{RMS[g]_t} g_t$

The RMSProp code follows the version in http://www.cs.toronto.edu/~tijmen/csc321/slides/lecture_slides_lec6.pdf Tieleman & Hinton, 2012.

Hinton suggests the momentum term $$\gamma$$ to be 0.9 and the learning rate $$\eta$$ to be 0.001.

## Usage¶

mx.symbol.rmsprop_update(...)

## Arguments¶

Argument

Description

weight

NDArray-or-Symbol.

Weight

NDArray-or-Symbol.

n

NDArray-or-Symbol n

lr

float, required.

Learning rate

gamma1

float, optional, default=0.949999988.

The decay rate of momentum estimates.

epsilon

float, optional, default=9.99999994e-09.

A small constant for numerical stability.

wd

float, optional, default=0.

Weight decay augments the objective function with a regularization term that penalizes large weights. The penalty scales with the square of the magnitude of each weight.

float, optional, default=1.

float, optional, default=-1.

clip.weights

float, optional, default=-1.

Clip weights to the range of [-clip_weights, clip_weights] If clip_weights <= 0, weight clipping is turned off. weights = max(min(weights, clip_weights), -clip_weights).

name

string, optional.

Name of the resulting symbol.

## Value¶

out The result mx.symbol